Articles
The 1948 Red River Barrel Derby – it was a big deal!
Author: Philippe Richer
A few years after the war, on May 30, 1947, a small group of men established the Winnipeg branch of The Canadian Tourist Club at an inaugural meeting at the Fort Garry Hotel. Its goal was to publicize the tourism industry’s value by looking into everything trade-related, including highways, accommodations, and restaurants. They also focused on assisting tourists on highways and trains (interestingly, at the first meeting, they complained about the state of the province’s highways. I guess not much has changed since 1948)
The following year, the Club announced a fundraiser. It would sell tickets for 50 cents, giving the purchaser a club membership (with a right to vote) and the opportunity to guess how long it would take for a 45-gallon barrel to travel from Emerson, Manitoba to the Norwood Bridge in Winnipeg. The winner would receive 30% of the funds collected. The Club would donate an additional 50% to the Shriners Crippled Children’s Hospital Fund and keep the final 20% to offset the promotion costs.
Mr. Roe, who was then secretary, made the following statement to the press: “the launching of the barrel will symbolise the flow of barrels of badly needed American tourist dollars which it is hoped will come with an influx of tourists, this summer.”
This was when the Club ran into trouble. On April 9, 1948, the police charged Mr. John Herbert Roe with the offence of conducting an illegal lottery scheme. The case eventually made its way to the Supreme Court of Canada, making Canadian legal history.
I came across this case when researching for a client who wanted to run a contest. The case of Rex v. Roe is listed in my copy of the annotated Criminal Code under s. 206, which establishes lottery schemes as an offence. The case stands for the principle that, while a game of pure chance is illegal, mixed skill and chance are not.
Being the diligent lawyer I am, I read the case to understand the Supreme court’s reasoning better. As I was doing my research, I noticed that at least one other case referred to this case as the “Red River Barrel” case. Courts don’t usually refer to other cases colloquially unless the case is either famous or infamous. My curiosity was sparked.
My search revealed both the Manitoba Court of Appeal Case and the subsequent Supreme Court of Canada cases. I read them both. The trial itself is not reported, but Magistrate D.G. Potter of the Provincial police court presided. A report in the Winnipeg Free Press on March 15, 1947, states that the Magistrate concluded: “They are gaining nothing from this scheme, and I am satisfied they must have taken counsel option before venturing on it.” He acquitted Mr. Roe.
The Crown appealed. Dysart, J.A. (a street at the University of Manitoba is named after him) wrote the Court of Appeal decision. He concluded that the Derby was not a game of chance but rather of mixed chance and skill. Therefore he upheld the Magistrate’s decision on that point. I’ll discuss the decision in more detail in another post, but the more I read, the more curious I became. In the Court of Appeal decision, Dysart J.A. noted that the trial occurred on March 10, 1948, the day after the charges were laid. The day after?!?? How is that possible? Today, it takes months or even years before a matter goes to trial. Even in those days, this would be considered light speed. How did this happen?
I started digging into old newspaper reports from that time. It appears that the Red River Derby was a very big deal. But before I discuss how the event captured the city’s imagination, I’ll explain the rules.
As discussed, the Club sold tickets for 50 cents. Ticket purchasers had an opportunity to estimate how long a barrel would travel from Emerson to Winnipeg. The promotional material provided the distance the barrel would travel and the speed of the water current. The barrel was to be launched at the international border in Emerson shortly after the ice break-up, originally scheduled on April 10, 1948. The ticket included a line for the number of days, one for hours, one for minutes, one for seconds, and 1/5th of a second. Ticket holders would write down their estimate and enter the draw. The closest estimate would win.
The 45-gallon capacity barrel was filled with 300 lbs of ballast. Canoe parties accompanied the barrel to ensure the barrel could be freed from any snags or beachings. One of the canoes was fitted with a radio, and the signals unit followed the progress by road and relayed that information to the Club’s headquarters in Winnipeg, who would then report on the barrel’s progress.
As the trial and initial acquittal occurred before the start of the Derby, the Club proceeded with the sale of tickets. The original date of April 10 was postponed due to flooding in the Red River Valley. The Derby started on May 22, 1948. By then, the mayors of St-Boniface, Winnipeg, and Morris were involved. Bands played, and the CNR scheduled a special train with a capacity of 1000 to ferry people to the barrel’s launch in Emerson.
Read the next installment of the Red River Barrel Derby.
Disclaimer – Legalese
This article is presented for informational purposes only. The content does not constitute legal advice or solicitation and does not create a solicitor-client relationship (this means that I am not your lawyer until we both agree that I am). If you are seeking advice on specific matters, please contact Philippe Richer TLR law at 204.925.1900. We cannot consider any unsolicited information sent to the author as solicitor-client privileged (this means confidential).